Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (for Nurses)

Recovery rates in humans undergoing treatment for ARDS are in the range of:

10-20%

30-50%

40-60%

80-90%

In which phase of ARDS are patients most likely to die:

The acute or exudative phase

The fibrosing alveolitis phase

The chronic lung phase

The recovery phase

Potential causes for ARDS can include:

Sepsis

Smoke inhalation

Blood transfusions

All of the above

Which treatment can best assist recovery when instituted early:

Mechanical ventilation

Intravenous fluid therapy

Antibiotics

Eye care

Which statement is correct:

ARDS is a syndrome of dysregulated inflammation and coagulation

During the acute phase, surfactant production and function is increased

ARDS recovery is based on early supportive care with analgesia and corticosteroids

During the fibrosing alveolitis phase, collagen and fibronectin decrease in the alveolar spaces

Which sign is generally NOT a feature of ARDS:

Coughing

Dyspnoea

Normal lung sounds

Abdominal effort

The most important value in monitoring an ARDS patient is:

SpaO2

SpvO2

PaO2

PvO2

Mechanical ventilation can be challenging for patients with ARDS. Lung protective strategies used for ARDS include:

Tidal volumes of 10-15ml/kg with PEEP of 1-3cmH2O

Low tidal volumes of 6-8ml/kg with PEEP of 1-3cmH2O

Tidal volumes of 10-15ml/kg with PEEP of 4-8cmH2O

Low tidal volumes of 6-8ml/kg with PEEP of 4-8cmH2O

Nursing care is highly important for these patients and includes:

Nutrition, IV catheter care, and mouth care

Infection control, eye care and ear care

Infection control, blood gas analysis and monitoring every 4 hours

Tube care, positioning and urine cultures every 4 hours

Treatments that have been unsuccessfully trialed on human ARDS patients include:

Fluid therapy

Vasopressors

Anti-inflammatories

Surfactant therapy

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Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (for Nurses)