Shock – what is it, how is it treated and what do I monitor

What are the 3 main types of shock?

Cardiogenic, disruptive and hypovolaemic

Hypotensive, cardiogenic and distributive

Hypovolaemic, distributive and cardiogenic

Hypertensive, distributive and hypovolaemic

Which is NOT a sign of early compensatory shock?

Normal CRT

Hypotension

Injected MM’s

Bounding pulses

Clinical signs of early decompensatory shock include:

Hypotension

Delayed CRT

Depressed mentation

All of the above

Which clinical sign would you expect to see in a cat in shock but not a dog?

Tachycardia

Hypertension

Polydipsia

Bradycardia

Which statement is false?

Shock is an emergency

Shock does not require pets to be hospitalised for treatment

Shock can be fatal without aggressive treatment

Main priority for treatment is to restore oxygen delivery and perfusion to tissues to prevent circulatory collapse

A dog presents with clinical signs of shock and has a history of HGE; what form of shock would you suspect he is suffering from?

Hypovolaemic

Cardiogenic

Distributive

None

When giving an initial fluid bolus to a patient in shock (not cardiogenic), what rate would you typically administer them at?

60-90ml/kg bolus over 15 mins

10-20ml/kg (cat 10ml/kg) bolus over 15 mins

999ml/hr until patient shows improvement

50ml/hr until bag is empty

What are the first steps to treating shock (not cardiogenic)?

Provide oxygen supplementation

Place a large bore IV catheter

Start IV crystalloid fluids

All of the above

Which treatment is contraindicated in cardiogenic shock?

Oxygen supplementation

Place a large bore IV catheter

Listen to the heart with a stethoscope

Start IV crystalloid fluids

True or False; Plasma lactate of >2.5mmol/L indicates severe hypoperfusion?

True

False

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Shock – what is it, how is it treated and what do I monitor